MVC stands for → Model – View – Controller

It is a software design pattern used to organize application logic into three interconnected layers.
Each layer has a specific responsibility:

Layer	Purpose
Model	Manages data & database operations
View	Displays UI to the user
Controller	Handles user requests & business logic

This structure keeps the code clean, reusable, and scalable.

How MVC Works in Laravel

Here’s the flow:

User → Controller → Model → Controller → View → User

1. User sends a request (ex: /products)
2. Controller receives the request
3. Controller talks to Model (fetch data)
4. Model gets data from DB
5. Controller returns data to View
6. View displays UI to user

1. Model (Data Layer)

Handles everything related to database + business data.
In Laravel, Models use Eloquent ORM.

📁 Folder → app/Models

Example:

class Product extends Model
{
protected $fillable = [‘name’, ‘price’];
}

✓ Fetching data:

$products = Product::all();

Model hides database complexity and provides simple methods.

2. View (UI Layer)

Responsible for displaying data to the user.
In Laravel, Views are written using Blade templates.

📁 Folder → resources/views

Example: products.blade.php

@foreach ($products as $product)
<p>{{ $product->name }} – ${{ $product->price }}</p>
@endforeach

View never connects to the database directly — only shows data given by the Controller.

3. Controller (Logic Layer)

Controller receives the request, processes it, interacts with the Model, and returns a response.

📁 Folder → app/Http/Controllers

Example:

use App\Models\Product;

class ProductController extends Controller
{
public function index()
{
$products = Product::all();
return view(‘products’, compact(‘products’));
}
}

The controller is the bridge between Model & View.

MVC Flow Example (Simple Product Listing)

Step 1) Route

routes/web.php

Route::get(‘/products’, [ProductController::class, ‘index’]);

Step 2) Controller

ProductController.php

public function index()
{
$products = Product::all();
return view(‘products’, compact(‘products’));
}

Step 3) Model

Product.php

class Product extends Model
{
protected $fillable = [‘name’,’price’];
}

Step 4) View

products.blade.php

@foreach ($products as $product)
<p>{{ $product->name }}</p>
@endforeach

✔ Output → Product list shown to user
This is MVC in action.

Why MVC is Important in Laravel?

✔ Organizes code
✔ Separation of concerns
✔ Easy debugging & testing
✔ Reusable code structure
✔ Clean & scalable projects

Without MVC → everything becomes messy!